Math  /  Data & Statistics

QuestionConsider the following data for calcium: \begin{tabular}{|c|c|} \hline atomic mass & 40.078 g mol40.078 \frac{\mathrm{~g}}{\mathrm{~mol}} \\ \hline electronegativity & 1.00 \\ \hline electron affinity & 2.37 kJ mol2.37 \frac{\mathrm{~kJ}}{\mathrm{~mol}} \\ \hline ionization energy & 589.8 kJ mol589.8 \frac{\mathrm{~kJ}}{\mathrm{~mol}} \\ \hline heat of fusion & 8.54 kJ mol8.54 \frac{\mathrm{~kJ}}{\mathrm{~mol}} \\ \hline \end{tabular}
You may find additional useful data in the ALEKS Data tab. \begin{tabular}{|c|c|} \hline \multicolumn{2}{|l|}{Does the following reaction absorb or release energy?} \\ \hline \multirow[t]{3}{*}{(1) Ca+(g)+eCa(g)\mathrm{Ca}^{+}(g)+e^{-} \rightarrow \mathrm{Ca}(g)} & \multirow[t]{3}{*}{release absorb Can't be decided with the data given.} \\ \hline & \\ \hline & \\ \hline \multirow[t]{2}{*}{Is it possible to calculate the amount of energy absorbed or released by reaction (1) using only the data above?} & O yes \\ \hline & O no \\ \hline If you answered yes to the previous question, enter the amount of energy absorbed or released by reaction (1): & kJ/mol\square \mathrm{kJ} / \mathrm{mol} \\ \hline \multirow[t]{4}{*}{\begin{tabular}{l} Does the following reaction absorb or release energy? \\ (2) Ca2+(g)+eCa+(g)\mathrm{Ca}^{2+}(g)+e^{-} \rightarrow \mathrm{Ca}^{+}(g) \end{tabular}} & \\ \hline & O release \\ \hline & Obsorb \\ \hline & Can't be decided with the data given. \\ \hline \multirow[t]{2}{*}{Is it possible to calculate the amount of energy absorbed or released by reaction (2) using only the data above?} & O yes \\ \hline & O no \\ \hline If you answered yes to the previous question, enter the amount of energy absorbed or released by reaction (2): & kJ/mol\square \mathrm{kJ} / \mathrm{mol} \\ \hline \end{tabular}

Studdy Solution

STEP 1

1. We have data for calcium including atomic mass, electronegativity, electron affinity, ionization energy, and heat of fusion.
2. We need to determine if the reactions absorb or release energy and if the energy change can be calculated with the given data.

STEP 2

1. Analyze reaction (1) and determine if it absorbs or releases energy.
2. Determine if the energy change for reaction (1) can be calculated.
3. Analyze reaction (2) and determine if it absorbs or releases energy.
4. Determine if the energy change for reaction (2) can be calculated.

STEP 3

For reaction (1) Ca+(g)+eCa(g)\mathrm{Ca}^{+}(g)+e^{-} \rightarrow \mathrm{Ca}(g), we need to determine if energy is absorbed or released. This reaction is the reverse of the ionization process, where an electron is added to a positively charged ion. The electron affinity data provided is for neutral atoms gaining an electron, not ions. Therefore, we cannot directly determine the energy change for this reaction with the given data.

STEP 4

Since the specific electron affinity for Ca+\mathrm{Ca}^{+} is not provided, it is not possible to calculate the exact energy change for reaction (1) using only the given data.

STEP 5

For reaction (2) Ca2+(g)+eCa+(g)\mathrm{Ca}^{2+}(g)+e^{-} \rightarrow \mathrm{Ca}^{+}(g), we need to determine if energy is absorbed or released. This reaction involves the addition of an electron to a doubly charged ion, which typically releases energy. However, without specific data for the second electron affinity or related processes, we cannot definitively determine the energy change with the given data.

STEP 6

Since the specific data for the second electron affinity or related processes is not provided, it is not possible to calculate the exact energy change for reaction (2) using only the given data.
The reactions cannot be definitively classified as absorbing or releasing energy, nor can the energy changes be calculated with the provided data.

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