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QuestionComplete the statements: A potassium atom forms a K+K^+ ion. A sulfur atom forms a S2−S^{2-} ion.

Studdy Solution

STEP 1

Assumptions1. Potassium is a metal. .ulfur is a nonmetal.
3. Metals tend to lose electrons to form positive ions (cations).
4. Nonmetals tend to gain electrons to form negative ions (anions).
5. Potassium is in Group1 of the Periodic Table, meaning it has1 electron in its outermost shell. 6.ulfur is in Group16 of the Periodic Table, meaning it has6 electrons in its outermost shell.

STEP 2

First, let's consider the potassium atom. As a metal, it tends to lose electrons to achieve a stable electron configuration. The number of electrons it loses is equal to the group number it belongs to on the Periodic Table.
Potassium ion=Potassium atom−Group number of electronsPotassium\, ion = Potassium\, atom - Group\, number\, of\, electrons

STEP 3

Now, plug in the given values for the potassium atom and the group number to calculate the charge of the potassium ion.
Potassium ion=Potassium atom−1 electronPotassium\, ion = Potassium\, atom -1\, electron

STEP 4

Calculate the charge of the potassium ion.
Potassium ion=Potassium atom−1 electron=K+Potassium\, ion = Potassium\, atom -1\, electron = K^+

STEP 5

Next, let's consider the sulfur atom. As a nonmetal, it tends to gain electrons to achieve a stable electron configuration. The number of electrons it gains is equal to8 minus the group number it belongs to on the Periodic Table.
ulfur ion=ulfur atom+(8−Group number) of electronsulfur\, ion =ulfur\, atom + (8 - Group\, number)\, of\, electrons

STEP 6

Now, plug in the given values for the sulfur atom and the group number to calculate the charge of the sulfur ion.
ulfur ion=ulfur atom+(8−6) electronsulfur\, ion =ulfur\, atom + (8 -6)\, electrons

STEP 7

Calculate the charge of the sulfur ion.
ulfur ion=ulfur atom+2 electrons=2−ulfur\, ion =ulfur\, atom +2\, electrons =^{2-}So, a potassium atom loses one electron to form a K+K^+ ion and a sulfur atom gains two electrons to form a 2−^{2-} ion.

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